- Bitcoin integration
- No BIP, opcode, Bitcoin Core implementation or activation path is proposed. The report evaluates candidate primitives for possible future integration.
- Signature & proof characteristics
- Blockstream favors Falcon-1024 among the lattice candidates for its size, verification speed and mature assumptions; Hawk was withdrawn after a key-recovery result, while Dilithium is simpler but substantially larger.
- Transactions, blockspace & fees
- Falcon-1024 combines a 1,793-byte public key with a 1,280-byte signature; still far larger than today’s 96-byte Schnorr key-plus-signature footprint.
- Multisignature & hardware wallets
- Lattice structure may support future threshold and multisignatures, but no practical construction is ready; Falcon-1024 signing also creates constrained-device memory and performance trade-offs.
- Key generation & recovery
- No workable BIP 32-style public-key derivation is known for Falcon. Dilithium derivation variants remain proof-of-concept work.
- Editorial assessment
- This advances protocol research, not protocol readiness: the authors retain hash-based signatures as the conservative near-term option for Bitcoin.